On September 8, 1900, the Great Storm of 1900 struck the City of Galveston, Texas. 6,000 to 12,000 people lost their lives that day, making it the worst storm in U.S. history. This tragic loss of life was due to the way Galveston was hastily constructed on the Barrier Island at the mouth of Galveston Bay. The low-lying dunes were no match for the high winds and huge storm surge that destroyed much of the City.
In response, the City of Galveston decided to build a seawall to protect it from such storms. Their plan worked. On September 13, 2008, Hurricane Ike could not top the Seawall, and saved most of the City from similar destruction. The concrete and sand that comprises the Seawall is laid on a solid foundation of Central Texas Pink Granite, the same stone that was used in building the Texas State Capital in Austin. The stone was cut from the Granite Mountain Quarry in Marble Fall, Texas, just down the road from Enchanted Rock State Park, which is made of the same rock. The Granite can withstand weathering and the constant pounding of the surf from the Gulf. It is laid out in a highly engineered grid to support the structure. Additional jetties were built to help hold the sand and prevent the undercutting of the foundation. The Seawall is an engineering marvel and stands as a symbol of the resilience and determination of the people of Galveston to remain on their little barrier island paradise.
On a foggy day, Marlene and I walked along the west end of the Seawall, where the foundation remains visible. Here, the Seawall rises 17 feet above the Gulf and now extends 10 miles to the east end of the Island. As we learned, apart from the occasional Hurricane, it is always a good day to walk the Galveston Seawall.
The granite blocks stand their ground as wave upon wave crashes into the shore of Galveston Island. Every block in the Seawall averages 5 tons. They were all hauled by rail 260 miles from the Texas Hill Country and placed here by steam-driven and horse-powered cranes in 1904. They have remained in place, protecting the City and its inhabitants.
This is the first of several short jetties on the West End. This point bears the brunt of the prevailing currents and tides.
This is West Beach, just beyond the Seawall. The City has had to rebuild it from time to time as the currents wash the sand out to sea. Barrier Islands are not permanent features of the Gulf Coast, even without hurricanes. They shift and move, disappear, and reappear all along the stretch of the coastline. Without human intervention, they would likely move on. Marlene and I watched them rebuild this stretch of the beach last year as a fleet of dump trucks and several bulldozers worked to restore the beach protection of the condos and parks built on the Gulf side of Texas 3005. This area is also prime turtle hatching territory and nesting areas for many shore birds, including the Snowy Plover.
The jetty takes the main force of the waves and dissipates the power, protecting the wall itself.
The planned chaos of the Galveston Seawall
The end of the first jetty also takes a pounding from the surf.
A few of the locals are hanging out on the Seawall. Looks like nap time to me!
This young Laughing Gull is unsure about these two creatures who are invading his turf. Over the next year, the black on the tip will cover the entire bill and turn deep red during the breeding season.
Looks like we got too close to this youngster.
But he is a handsome creature!
These three adult Laughing Gulls are pondering the mysteries of the thin veil at the sea's edge. Well, maybe not. Perhaps they are resting up for another trip to the grocery store just beyond the Seawall.
Time to get the groceries!
The concrete sidewalk that caps the Seawall is amazingly level. Even the stairs that lead to the surf have not shifted. This is a credit to the engineering that took place in planning and executing the foundation of the wall. Have you ever tried to lay a brick path on sand? Imagine laying a heavy brick on the sand at the edge of the Gulf? How long do you think it would last? This wall is 121 years old and as level as the day it was built.
A bit of flotsam caught in the Granite. But it sure looks like some eerie, magical creature crawling out of the crevices!
Here is another one. Could this be another magical creature disguised as flotsam?
Just past the first jetty, there is a stretch where the sand has accumulated on top of the Granite. While not a sandy beach, it does protect the real beach that begins about a mile to the east and runs through the City's central section. This end of the Seawall offers protection for the sand for the remaining 9 miles of beach. By the way, if you look closely, you may glimpse a faint rainbow in the fog near the center of the photo.
Sea fog rolls in with the cool breeze off the waves. It happens when warmer continental air comes in and the cooler, moist Gulf air slips underneath it. The mist is carried on the breeze and coats everything, including us.
A local Willet takes a break from hunting the bugs and crustaceans lurking among the blocks of Granite.
Here we found a tidal pool just behind the row of rocks that protect the sand. If you look closely, you can see the edge of the granite blocks protruding from the sand. Unfortunately, these are not Pacific Coast Tidal Pools. No octopus or starfish here. But there is likely a Sand dollar of two lurking just beneath the surface of the sand.
The sand filters in and fills the space between the blocks, giving more strength to the structure.
But the waves will have their way as they move the sand around in the swirling currents.
This is engineering at its best!
The sea fog has grown thicker, and it is easy to see the mist blowing in the breeze.
Yep, it was a great day to walk on the Sea Wall. I hope we can walk the rest of the wall while we are here. If we do, stay tuned! More photos may follow!
Travel Well, My Friends!
Bob